Smart IoT Flood Monitoring System

ABSTRACT: –

Floods are one of the disasters that occur naturally and cannot be totally avoided. Because of the lack of early warning, every year the death rate increases due to floods. To solve this problem, this project illustrates the ideas and implementation of a flood detection and alerting system using Internet of Things (IOT) technology. If a flood occurs, then we have implemented a victim detection module that detects the people who are struck by floods by using machine learning concepts. To detect the flood in its early stages, we use three types of sensors in this project: a water flow sensor, a water level sensor, and a rainfall sensor. We make use of convolutional neural networks to detect the victims who are struck by floods. This paper consists of flood detection and avoidance systems using IoT technology. The sensors in this device estimate water levels, humidity, and temperature and send real-time data to the cloud, which users can access via a mobile app. This model is widely used to alert people before a flood occurs so that necessary precautions can be taken. The sensors associated with the system measure the corresponding parameters. Then the accurately measured parameters are displayed through the LCD display and passed to the IOT web application. Here, the thingspeak web application is used to store data in private channels, and the web application then alerts the authority and people while flooding occurs. It severely affects the standard of living. In this paper, the development of a flood monitoring system using IOT to keep track of the conditions nearby the reservoir with the help of Arduino, the prototyping platform, and compatible sensors such as level, temperature, humidity, and flow are distinctly presented.

SYSTEM:-

the system has the following components:

• IoT sensors: These are water level sensors that are placed in the river or stream at strategic locations. The sensors are connected to a microcontroller board, which is responsible for collecting the data and transmitting it to the central server.
• Microcontroller board: This is a small computer board that is used to collect data from the sensors and transmit it to the central server. The microcontroller board is programmed using the Arduino IDE.
• Central server: This is a cloud-based server that receives the data from the microcontroller board and processes it. The server is responsible for analyzing the data and generating alerts in the event of flooding.
• Alert system: The alert system is responsible for sending alerts to the authorities and the public in the event of flooding. The system can send alerts via SMS, email, or social media.
• Mobile application: The mobile application is designed to provide real-time information about the water level in the river or stream. Users can download the application and receive alerts in the event of flooding. Dashboard: The dashboard is a web-based interface that provides real-time information about the water level in the river or stream. The dashboard is designed for use by authorities and emergency responders. Data analytics: The system includes data analytics tools that are used to analyze historical data and identify patterns that may be indicative of future flooding. The data analytics tools are also used to generate reports and visualizations that can be used to inform decision-making.

Overall, the Smart IoT Flood Monitoring System is designed to provide real-time information about the water level in a river or stream and enable authorities to take action to mitigate the impact of flooding.

PROPOSED SYSTEM:-

The system architecture includes an Arduino, power supply, WiFi ESP module, and sensors. In this architecture, we use three sensors: a rain sensor, a water level sensor, and a water flow sensor. Arduino is the main base station. Each device is interconnected and connected. The power supply provides the necessary current for the normal operation of the sensors. The results are updated each time with notification alerts and also shown on the liquid crystal display (LCD). The water flow sensor detects and measures the water flow. This sensor is immersed in water, and the water flow is measured. This sensor has three wires: red, black, and yellow. This sensor mainly works with the Hall effect. Each twist or turn creates an increase in the number of electrical impulses. This sensor is safe and dry due to the electrical effect. This sensor also measures the water pressure and more accurately calculates the flow rate. The rain sensor module detects rain and consists of a panel and cables. When raindrops hit the control panel, the message “Rain detected” is displayed. It acts as a rain sensor when a raindrop falls on the panel. Otherwise, there is no message. Before using this sensor, we need to clean the water content on the panel. The water level sensor used in this system detects water, whether it is near or far away. The distance to the water is set by the user, and for example, when the water is less than 20 meters away, the water level is high; when the water is 50 meters away, the water level is medium; and when the water is 100 meters away, the water level is high. When the water rises and reaches the highest level, also known as the danger level, sending messages via IOT works.

MODULES:-

• Sensor Module: This module is responsible for collecting real-time data related to flood parameters such as water level, water flow, rainfall, and soil moisture. It consists of various sensors such as water level sensor, rain gauge, and soil moisture sensor.
• Communication Module: This module is responsible for establishing a communication link between the sensors and the main system. It can be achieved using various communication protocols such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and LoRa.
• Data Processing Module: This module is responsible for processing the real-time data collected by the sensor module. It consists of algorithms for data analysis, data filtering, and data classification.

• decision making module: This module is responsible for making decisions based on the processed data. It consists of decision-making algorithms that can predict the occurrence of a flood and take appropriate actions to prevent or mitigate the damage.
• Alerting Module: This module is responsible for generating alerts and notifications to the concerned authorities in case of an emergency. It can send alerts via SMS, email, or push notifications.

• user interface module: This module is responsible for providing an interactive user interface for the end-users. It consists of a web-based dashboard or a mobile application that can provide real-time information about flood conditions and other relevant data.

• power management module: This module is responsible for managing the power supply of the system. It can be achieved using various power management techniques such as energy harvesting, battery backup, and solar power.

APPLICATION:-

• Real-time monitoring: The system should be able to monitor water levels in real-time using IoT sensors placed in different locations.
• Data visualization: The system should be able to display the collected data on a dashboard, allowing users to view the water level readings for different locations.
• Alerts: The system should be able to send alerts to users via SMS or email in case of high water levels, allowing them to take necessary precautions.

• historical data analysis: The system should be able to store historical data and analyze it to identify trends and patterns. This could help in predicting future flooding events.
• User management: The system should have a user management module to manage user accounts and provide access based on roles and permissions. API integration: The system could integrate with other third-party systems, such as weather APIs or emergency services, to provide more context and information to users.
• Mobile application: The system could have a mobile application that provides users with real-time data and alerts, and allows them to report flooding incidents.

Overall, the application should provide an easy-to-use and intuitive interface for users to monitor flood levels, receive alerts, and take necessary actions to minimize damage and risks.

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:-

HARDWARE:-

• Processor: i3 ,i5 or more
• RAM: 4GB or more
• Hard disk: 16 GB or more
• Water Flow Sensor
• Arduino Board

• Rainfall Sensor

SOFTWARE:-

• Operating System : Windows 2000/XP/7/8/10
• Arduino
• Anaconda
• Spyder
• jupyter